Transformasi Hijau dan Pemberdayaan Digital: Kerangka Multi-Objektif untuk Model Bisnis Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan
Keywords:
Ekonomi Sirkular, Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan, Kerangka Multi-Objektif, Pemberdayaan Digital, Transformasi HijauAbstract
Industri kelapa sawit global menghadapi paradoks fundamental: sebagai pilar ekonomi vital bagi negara-negara produsen seperti Indonesia, namun juga sebagai sumber utama tantangan lingkungan dan sosial yang signifikan, termasuk deforestasi dan konflik lahan. Model bisnis yang ada saat ini, terutama yang melibatkan petani swadaya, seringkali tidak mampu menyeimbangkan tuntutan ekonomi dengan imperatif keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kerangka kerja multi-objektif yang mengintegrasikan transformasi hijau dan pemberdayaan digital sebagai solusi sistemik. Dengan menggunakan metode Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis (SLR) yang dipandu oleh protokol PRISMA 2020, penelitian ini mensintesis literatur akademik dari basis data Scopus dan Web of Science. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa transformasi hijau melampaui kepatuhan sertifikasi, bergerak menuju inovasi ekonomi sirkular seperti pemanfaatan limbah POME menjadi bioenergi. Di sisi lain, pemberdayaan digital melalui integrasi teknologi seperti Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, dan sistem Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) mampu menciptakan rantai pasok yang transparan, efisien, dan dapat dipercaya. Kerangka kerja yang diusulkan mengintegrasikan model bisnis inovatif, infrastruktur digital, dan metrik kinerja multi-objektif (ekonomi, lingkungan, sosial) untuk menciptakan model yang resilien dan berkelanjutan. Kesimpulannya, sinergi antara praktik hijau dan teknologi digital menawarkan jalur transformatif, namun implementasinya memerlukan kolaborasi strategis di antara para pemangku kepentingan melalui model pentahelix.
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